- [Ronald] Where do you want me? - [man] You're right. - [罗纳德] 你需要我在哪里？ - [男声] 你就在这个位置。
[man] No, you're gonna sit right there. [男声] 不，你就坐在那里。
[indistinct conversations] [听不清的交谈声]
[Ronald] Hello, Robert. [罗纳德] 你好，罗伯特。
[indistinct chatter continues] [含混的说话声继续]
[man] Mr. Vice President.Good to see you. [男声] 副总统先生。很高兴见到你。
[indistinct chatter continues] [含混的说话声继续]
dramatic music plays [剧情音乐响起]
《里根夫妇》 [camera shutter clicks] [相机快门点击声]
[indistinct chatter continues] [含混的说话声继续]
[man] Mr. President, how could so much be going on [男声] 总统先生，你的白宫里发生了
inside your White House without you knowing about it, sir? 这么多事情，你怎么可能不知道呢?
我都不知道，这发生在我的白宫里。
我还以为发生在几千英里之外呢。 [man] Mr. President, as a result... [男声] 总统先生，作为结果...
[chuckles] [笑声]
是你让诺思上校这么做的吗？
你们听好了，我已经做出了声明， 直到这些听证会得出结论之前，
我是不会对此做任何评论的。
你不希望，不让我说话吧。 [woman] Well, don't you think it's... [女声] 那么，你难道不认为这...
[laughs] [笑声]
[applause] [掌声]
第四部分：在星际之间 翻译：hardstick 校订：hardstick 时间轴：hardstick
[applause continues] [掌声继续]
I'm Dorothy Ridings, 我是多萝西·瑞丁斯，
President of the League of Women Voters, 妇女选民联盟的主席，
the sponsor of tonight's first presidential debate 今晚共和党的罗纳德·里根
between Republican Ronald Reagan, 和民主党的沃尔特·蒙代尔之间的
and Democrat Walter Mondale. 首场总统辩论的赞助人。
And now let us begin the debate 现在让我们以第一个问题
with the first question,Mr. Wieghart. 开始辩论。维格哈特先生，请。
Mr. President, in 1980... 总统先生，在1980年...
[Baker] When the red light went on the camera, [贝克尔] 当镜头亮起红灯时，他表现得
he was superb. 非常出色。
And so I was always one who was in favor of his debating 所以我一直支持他的辩论， （詹姆斯.贝克尔，前白宫办公厅主任）
because I thought he was so good. 因为我认为他很好。
I mean, he didn't have facts and figures. 我是说，他没有事实和数据。
He wasn't a policy wonk. 他不是一个政策专家。
But he could take the temperature 但他能很好地测量
of the American people pretty damn well. 美国人民的体温。
The system is still where it was 这个系统依然还是
with regard to, uh... the... 被看作是，呃...这个...
uh... with regard to the...The, uh... 呃...被看作是...那个，呃...
progressivity, as I've said. 就像我说的，在进展中。
Well, the first debate was a fucking disaster. 第一场辩论，简直就是场灾难。 （艾德.罗林斯，里根竞选活动的指导）
And the guy that knew it was a disaster was Ronald Reagan. 而知道这是一场灾难的人，就是罗纳德·里根。
So there are a host of other figures 因此，有许多其他数据
that reveal that... 揭示了…
the, uh, the... the grant programs 这个，呃，那个...这个宏大的计划
are spending a third more on all of the... uh... 共花费了三分之一多的...呃...
well, all of the programs of human service. 嗯，所有的人力服务的计划。
We... We have... 我们...我们已经...
We have more people receiving food stamps... 我们让更多的人，领取了食品券…
[Ron Jr.] I was watching it on television, [小罗恩] 我是在电视上看的，
and I began to, you know,think, you know, 然后我开始，你知道，我在想，你知道， （小罗恩.里根，罗纳德与南茜.里根的儿子）
"Whoa, what... what is happening? “哇，什么…发生了什么? （小罗恩.里根，罗纳德与南茜.里根的儿子）
This... he doesn't...This is not my familiar father 这个…他不…现在在电视上辩论的 （小罗恩.里根，罗纳德与南茜.里根的儿子）
here on the TV in this debate." 不是我熟悉的父亲。”
And a lot of people started talking then 很多人开始谈论
about what's wrong with him? 他到底怎么了?
Is he too old to be president?Does he have Alzheimer's? 他当总统是不是太老了? 他有老年痴呆症吗?
So this was a discussion that was sort of widespread 这是一场在全国范围内广泛进行的
in the country. 讨论。
[man] One case study was Mrs. Reagan's reaction [男声] 其中一个事实是，里根夫人对
to the first debate with Walter Mondale, 第一场与沃尔特·蒙代尔辩论的反应，
and the president's fumbling performance. 以及总统的笨拙表现。
She was upset,and everybody knew it. 她很沮丧，大家都看得出来。
- And rightly so. - How so?
I mean, what did she... Did she chew people out 我是说，她做了什么…她是把人骂了
or what... I mean, what went on? 还是什么…我是说，发生了什么?
Oh, I'm not gonna get into that. 哦，我不想谈这个。
You...You'd have to ask her that. 你...你自己去问她吧。
- I was upset. - Because? - 我很生气。 -为什么？
Because I thought they'd gone about it all wrong. 因为，我觉得他们做错了。
And they had. [chuckles] 他们做到了。[笑声]
In terms of preparing the president? 你是在说总统竞选吗？
Yes. Yes. They overloaded him. 是的，是的。他们把他累坏了。
He know... He... He...He knows all those things. 他知道…他…他…他知道所有这些事情。
They don't have to overload him. 他们不能让他负担过重。
- And were they... - [Spencer] He screwed up. - 而他们是... -[斯宾塞] 他搞砸了。
It was not because these facts were put in his head. 这并不是因为，这些事实是灌输给他的。 （斯图.斯宾塞，里根的政策首席顾问）
It's because he did not do his homework. 因为他自己，没有好好做准备。
Weekend before the debate,three of us went to Camp David. 辩论前的周末，我们三个人去了戴维营。
I brought the debate book,which was six inches thick, 我带来了那本六英寸厚的辩论备忘录，
put it on a credenza. 放在书柜上。
He was supposed to start doing his homework. 他应该开始做家庭作业了。
I go to my cabin. 我回到了我的小屋。
I get a phone call,"Hey, you wanna watch a movie?" 我接到一个电话，“嘿，你想看电影吗?”
He says, "What do you wanna watch? 他说"你想看什么?
Bedtime for Bonzo" -I said, "No." "Why?" -《邦佐在睡觉》” -我说，“不。”-“为什么？” （里根在1951年主演的电影，中文译作《君子红颜》）
I said, "Listen, any time the lead actor's a gorilla, 我说:“听着，只要主角是大猩猩，
it's a crappy movie." 那这部电影就是烂片。”
He walks in the bedroom, pissed.Nancy's over there like this. 他走进卧室，很生气。南希在那边，像这样。
She goes, "Stu,he loves Bedtime for Bonzo. 她说"斯图，他最满意《邦佐在睡觉》了。
You're on thin ice." [laughs] 你现在仕途岌岌可危了。”[笑声]
I said, "Okay. I'll watch the goddamn picture." 我说:“好吧。我倒要看看那该死的电影。”
[film reel whirring] [放映机转动声]
[Spencer] The whole weekend, I watched the debate book. [斯宾塞] 整个周末我都在看辩论备忘录。
It didn't move. 这都没有让他动起来。
Two days later,he screws up the debate. 两天后，他把辩论又搞砸了。
I knew it. He knew it. 我知道。他也知道。
[applause] [掌声]
Nancy made her feelings very clear, 南茜非常清楚地，表达了她的感受， （乔纳森.阿尔特，记者）
as only she could,that her husband didn't win 只有她自己能做到，她丈夫在他的论据质量上，
with the quality of his arguments. 没有获胜的原因。
[applause] - He had to win by being [掌声] - 他必须通过
so familiar and friendly 如此熟悉和友好来获胜，
that the facts wouldn't matter. 以至于事实，都不重要了。
He was a performer at heart. 他骨子里就是个表演者。
Having a wife who was able to buck him up 有个妻子能让他振作起来，
and tell him that he...He'd do fine in the next debate, 告诉他…他会在下一场辩论中，表现得很好，
that was really important for that second debate. 这对第二场辩论非常重要。
[man] I recall yet that President Kennedy [男声] 我还记得，在古巴导弹危机期间，
had to go for days on end with very little sleep 肯尼迪总统不得不连续几天
during the Cuba missile crisis. 彻夜难眠。
Is there any doubt in your mind that you would be able 在这样的情况下，你是否怀疑
to function in such circumstances? 自己能正常工作?
Not at all. 一点儿也不会。
[Rollins] We kept him very relaxed the second time. [罗林斯] 第二次我们让他很放松。
All he had to do is not stand up there and drool, 他所要做的就是，不要站在那里胡说，
and he'd been just fine,and he... 他还好好的，他…
And he had this humorous line. 他有这样一句幽默的台词。
I will not make age an issue of this campaign. 我不会把年龄，作为这次竞选的一个问题。
I am not going to exploit,for political purposes, 我不会为了政治目的，而利用
my opponent's youth and inexperience. 我对手的年轻和缺乏经验。
[laughter] [哄笑声]
[Rollins] That was over.The race was over. [罗林斯] 这句话说完。比赛也就结束了。
I said, "Fuck. Get that on the air, baby. 我说，“操得勒。赶紧播出去吧，宝贝，
That's... That's the game." 这…这才是比赛。”
[Alter] The line was so powerful [阿尔特] 这句台词太有影响力了，
that everybody forgot the fact that he had just kind of spilled 以至于所有人都忘记了，他刚刚差点儿说漏了
the beans about an illegal operation in Nicaragua. 在尼加拉瓜的非法活动。
We have a gentleman down in Nicaragua 我们在尼加拉瓜有一位先生，
who is on contract to the CIA, 他和中央情报局有协约，
advising supposedly on military tactics the, uh, Contras. 据说是为尼加拉瓜反政府武装，提供军事战术建议。
Mr. President,you are implying then 总统先生，你是在暗示
that the CIA in Nicaragua is directing the Contras there? 中央情报局在尼加拉瓜，指挥反政府武装吗?
I'm afraid I misspoke 我恐怕，我这是口误，
when I said, uh, a CIA head in Nicaragua. 我说的是，尼加拉瓜的中情局的一位头目。
There's not someone there directing all this activity. 我们美国没有人，在指挥这些活动。
Uh, there are, as you know... 呃，有的话，就像你所知道的...
[Alter] Reagan accidentally revealed a covert operation, [阿尔特] 里根无意中透露了一项秘密行动，
but hardly anybody noticed. 但几乎没有人注意到。
A couple of years later, 几年之后，
that would be close to the center of the scandal 这将成了丑闻的中心，
that nearly ended the Reagan presidency. 差点儿结束了，里根的总统任期。
[Stahl] Our job with presidents [斯塔尔] 我们与几任总统打交道的工作是，
is to hold their feet to the fire. 把他们的脚放在火上。
I was encouraged to be very tough at the White House. 我被鼓励，在白宫要对他们厉害一点儿。
But when Reagan came in,my boss has changed direction. 但里根来了以后，我的老板改变了方向。 （莱斯利.斯塔尔，记者）
They were taking out things that sounded like criticism, 他们把那些听起来像是批评的东西拿掉，
removing them. 把它们删除。
Everybody was afraid to contradict him. 每个人都不敢反驳他。
The media was gentler on Reagan 媒体对里根的报道比较温和，
because of public opinion, I think. 我想，是因为公众舆论的原因。
[Wiley] Reagan knew exactly how to play on the feelings [威利] 里根非常清楚如何利用
of the American public. 美国公众的感情。
He could use his personality and his effectiveness 他可以利用自己的个性，和作为善于与人沟通的
as a communicator to say,"Don't look at the truth. 有效性说:“不要看真相。 （玛雅.威利，民权活动家及律师）
Look at what I'm telling you." 看看我告诉你什么。”
Before we begin, 在我们开始之前，
I know we never have enough time or anything, 我知道，我们从来没有足够的时间或什么东西，
but I think it's appropriate. 但我认为这是适合的。
Could you listen to a bit of poetry? 你们能听我念一小节诗吗?
- Yes. [chuckles] - This is from Kipling. -好的。[笑声] -这首诗是吉卜林写的。 （英国作家，桂冠诗人，1865-1936）
这首诗的名字叫《丹麦赎金》
It is always a temptation to an armed and agile nation 一个有着武装和行动敏捷的民族，总有一种想要
to call upon a neighbor 拜访邻国的诱惑，
and to say,"We invaded you last night. 并扬言，“我们昨晚入侵了你们。
We are quite prepared to fight, 我们非常渴望战斗，
unless you pay us cash to go away." 除非你们付出赎金，让我们离开。”
[Baker] President Reagan's management style [贝克尔] 里根总统的管理风格是
was to hire people that he had confidence in, 雇佣他能信任的人，
delegate responsibility to them, 将责任委派给他们，
and give them the authority to perform. 并赋予他们执行任务的权力。
[Powell] The president was very clear [鲍威尔] 总统说得很清楚，
that he expected us to get the work done. 他希望我们把工作做完。
He wasn't somebody who would spend all his time dialing in 他不是那种，会把所有时间都花在 （柯林.鲍威尔，前国务卿）
or digging into what you're doing. 了解你在做什么上的人。
He gave us great flexibility, 他给了我们很大的灵活性，
sometimes too much flexibility,and it got him in trouble. 有时灵活性太大了，这给他带来了麻烦。
Today I am announcing the following reassignment 今天我宣布,对我的两位
of responsibilities among two of my most senior advisors. 高级顾问的职责,进行如下调整。
I intend to appoint Donald T. Regan 我打算任命唐纳德·T.里甘
as Chief of Staff and Assistant to the President 为总统办公厅主任及特别助理，
effective upon the date... 任期即日生效...
[Tumulty] When Don Regan becomes Chief of Staff, [图穆尔蒂] 当唐·里甘成为白宫办公厅主任时，
Nancy is not happy. 南茜很不高兴。
Along with Baker's departure 随着贝克的离开，
is the departure of Michael Deaver, 迈克尔·迪弗也离开了，
who was a long-time advisor. 他是总统的长期顾问。
These were Nancy Reagan's eyes and ears. 这些都是南茜·里根的耳目。 （卡伦.图穆尔蒂，南茜.里根的传记作家）
They were her early warning system in the West Wing. 它们是她在白宫西翼的预警系统。 （西翼是总统办公，内阁会议，战情室的所在）
[indistinct chatter] [听不清的说话声]
[birds chirping] [鸟鸣声]
Don Regan,Gordon told me he's golfed-out. 唐·里甘嘛，戈登跟我说他去打高尔夫了。
He's golfed-out? Well, I... I'm... 他去打高尔夫球了？那么，我...我要...
I've got a couple of little things 我这里有几件小事
up here he could do. - [laughs] 他可以做。 -[笑声]
He could clear some brush,a little variety. 他可以清理一下灌木丛，要有点儿变化。
How is he gonna clear a golf... Brush with a golf club? 他怎么清理高尔夫...用高尔夫球杆清理灌木吗？
[chuckling] [笑声]
He could do a little riding,exercise some horses. 他可以骑马，锻炼一下马匹。
Mm-hmm. 嗯-哼。
He should have a change of pace. 他应该换换节奏。
- Mm-hmm.- [chuckles] - 嗯-哼。 -[笑声]
- Don't you think? - Yeah. -你不这么认为吗？ -是的。
Okay. You tell him. [laughs] 好吧。你告诉他。[笑声]
- [man] So help me God.- So help me God. -[男声]请上帝保佑我。 - 请上帝保佑我。
- Congratulations, sir. - Thank you. -祝贺你，先生。 -谢谢你。
Thank you very much. Just call me "Chief." 非常感谢。叫我“头儿”就行了。
[laughter] [笑声]
[Baker] Don Regan, I don't think, [贝克尔] 唐·里甘，我认为，
after he replaced me as Chief of Staff, 在他取代我成为幕僚长后，
ever really understood that this Chief of Staff's job 他从来没有真正理解，幕僚长的工作
is primarily a staff job, not a chief job. 主要是一个幕僚的工作，而不是“头儿”的工作。
How are we doing with the immigration issue? 我们在移民问题上，处理得怎么样了?
[Rollins] He didn't give Nancy much reverence. [罗林斯] 他对南茜不太尊敬。
As a matter of fact,he made the comment, 事实上，他曾说过:
"I'm not hired to be the fucking Chief of Staff “我不是被雇来，当他妈的第一夫人的
to the First Lady." 幕僚长的。”
Her political antenna were far more sensitive 她的政治触角，比里根总统
than President Reagan's were. 敏锐得多。
Happy birthday, dear Donald 生日快乐，亲爱的唐纳德
[Ron Jr.] You could call my father gullible [小罗恩] 在某种程度上，你可以说我父亲
to a certain extent.He was trusting of people. 很容易受骗。他信任别人。
She was not. My mother was not. 她不是。我母亲不是。
That was not her default position... trust in people. 那不是她的默认态度…信任他人。
[Spencer] Nancy had a great deal of power with her husband, [斯宾塞] 南茜对她的丈夫有很大的权力，
but she had to hide it in different roles. 但她必须以不同的角色，来隐藏这种权力。
[Baker] When we would have an important thing to schedule, [贝克尔] 当我们有重要的事情，要安排的时候，
I would go to Dever and I'd say,"Now what about doing this 我就会去找德弗，然后我会说:“现在，在某一天
on such and such a day?" 做这件事怎么样?”
He said, "Let me check.I'll get back to you." 他说:“让我看看。我会回复你的。”
That happened a few times,and I started thinking, hmm. 这种事发生过几次，我开始想，哼。
I knew we were checking with Nancy, 我知道，我们是在和南茜核实，
but I didn't know we were checking with an astrologer. 但我不知道，我们是在和占星家核实。
Are you serious, Ms. Quigley? 你说的是真的吗？奎格莉小姐。
What do you mean, am I serious? 你问我，是不是真的？什么意思？
I mean, the wife of the President of the United States 我的意思是，美国总统的妻子
would call Joan Quigley 会给琼.奎格莉打电话，
and would talk to her for a couple of hours 和她在电话上
on the telephone. - Yes. 聊上几个小时。 - 是的。
And would talk about what time a treaty should be signed or... 讨论什么时候签署条约或者…
Yes, but I'm a very good technical astrologer, 是的，但我是一个很好的占星专家，
and I know how... 我知道怎么…
[Kelley] The Reagans dealt with many astrologers [凯利] 里根夫妇与许多占星家 （凯蒂.凯利，南茜.里根的传记作家）
for many years, but the most famous became Joan Quigley. 打了多年交道，但最著名的要数琼·奎格利。
[Ruth Quigley] When Nancy wanted a new astrologer, [露丝.奎格莉] 当南茜想要一个新的占星师时，
she called Merv Griffin 'cause she and Merv were great pals. 她给梅夫·格里芬打电话，因为她和梅夫是很好的朋友。 （1925-2007，好莱坞演员）
And he said, "Oh, well,the one that always tells me 他说:“噢，那个总是告诉我 （露丝.奎格莉，占星家琼.奎格莉的妹妹）
the right things is Joan Quigley." 正确事情的人是琼·奎格利。”
[Kelley] Nancy Reagan relied on Joan Quigley. [凯利] 南茜·里根依靠琼·奎格利。
She would call her sometimes eight times a day 她有时一天会为几乎所有的事情
for almost everything,down to unbelievable details, 给她打八次电话，甚至涉及到令人难以置信的细节，
including the takeoff and landings times 包括“空军一号”座机的
for Air Force One. 起降时间。
It was astrology that charted their way. 占星术为他们指明了道路。
But nobody knew that at the time. 但当时没人知道。
[Ruth] Joan timed all of the press conferences, [露丝] 琼安排了所有新闻发布会的时间，
the State of the Unions. 甚至是国情咨文。
She defused so many difficult situations for them. 她为他们化解了许多困难。
She would say, "Make no foreign pronouncements on this day," 她会说，“今天不要发表关于外国的声明，”
or when Ronald Reagan wanted to arm twist a congressman, 或者当罗纳德·里根想对某位国会议员，施加压力时，
Joan could tell him when to do it. 琼可以告诉他，什么时候去做。
[Spencer] People have always asked me on that question [斯宾塞] 人们总是问我
of astrology and Nancy,"What about the husband?" 关于占星术和南茜的问题:“那个丈夫的事，谁问呢?”
He and I had the conversation. 他和我谈过了。
That's her thing.Leave her alone. 那是她的事，就让她去折腾吧。
[applause] [掌声]
[Tumulty] For her, astrology was a crutch. [图穆尔蒂] 对她来说，占星术是她的拐杖。
Nancy did not have religion to fall back on, 南茜没有宗教信仰可以依靠，
and Ronald Reagan had a very deep religious faith. 而罗纳德·里根却有很深的宗教信仰。
He truly believed that God had a plan for him. 他真的相信，上帝对他有安排。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼声和掌声]
Religious America is awakening 美国的宗教意识正在觉醒，
perhaps just in time for our country's sake. 这也许是为了我们国家的利益。
[applause] [掌声]
[Alter] Reagan's religious background [阿尔特] 里根的宗教背景
and conservative ideas really resonated with a group 和保守思想确实与一群
of right-wing evangelical Christians 右翼福音派基督徒产生了共鸣，
who decided to get more heavily involved in politics, 他们决定更多地参与政治，
and Reagan saw that as an opportunity. 里根认为这是一个机会。
[Spencer] And Christian right,then termed a Moral Majority, [斯宾塞] 基督教右翼，当时被称为“道德多数派”，
it was a very large voting bloc. 这是一个非常大的投票阵营。
And on a lot of the issues,social issues particularly, 在很多问题上，尤其是社会问题上，
we had an inside track. 我们有一个“内部小途径”。
Reagan and I would go out to pay our allegiances to Falwell. 里根和我将向福尔韦尔表达拥戴。
The reverend's thing was Roe vs. Wade. 这个牧师憎恶的是“罗伊诉韦德案”。 （19723年一月，联邦最高法院裁定：怀孕妇女本人有权决定继续怀孕还是终止妊娠）
When we left, I said, "Mr. President, 我们离开的时候，我说:“总统先生，
are you gonna give serious thought 你会认真考虑
to reversing Roe vs. Wade?" 推翻罗伊诉韦德案吗?”
He turned to me with that big Irish smile, and he says, 他带着爱尔兰式的灿烂笑容转向我，说:
"Stu, do I look insane?" “斯图，我看起来像疯了吗?”
Well, he got politically close, 你看，他在政治上会走捷径，
as close as we could get away with, 近得让我们马上脱离开，
and we got a lot of money out of 'em. 而我们从他们教派那里得到了很多钱。
[woman] Claiming to receive $400,000 a week “道德多数运动”声称每周收到
in contributions,the Moral Majority movement 40万美元的捐款，
believes that all of America's problems are the byproduct 他们认为美国所有的问题，都是
of moral decadence and runaway Democratic liberalism. 道德堕落，和失控的民主自由主义的副产品。
[Ron Jr.] To some extent, at least, [小罗恩] 至少在某种程度上，
my father did let the genie out of the bottle 我父亲确实把“福音教会派右翼”这个妖怪
with the link between the Republican Party 从瓶子里放了出来，并让他们与共和党之间
and the evangelical right... 产生了联系...
The unholy alliance that we see now. 我们现在看到的邪恶联盟。
[Shearer] Ronald Reagan didn't go to church a lot, [希勒] 罗纳德·里根不常去教堂，
and for him to then embrace the Moral Majority, I think, 对他来说，接受道德多数派，我认为，
was pure political opportunism,which he did well. 纯粹是政治机会主义，他做得很好。
[man] What's happened? [男声] 发生了什么？
Twenty million Americans have herpes, 两千万美国人患有疱疹，
incurable venereal disease. 一种无法治愈的性病。
Many more have AIDS, 更多的人患有艾滋病，
incurable and in most cases fatal. 无法治愈，大多数情况下是致命的。
God was angered,and God has judged a society. 上帝发怒了，上帝审判了一个社会。
Suspenseful music plays [悬疑的音乐响起]
总统对此有何反应？
根据在亚特兰大的疾病控制中心发出的公告
这种A-I-D-S病毒已经传染了600例？
A-I-D-S？我还从未听说过...
超过三分之一的人已经死亡了...
它被称作“同性恋瘟疫”。
What? 什么？
[记者团中发出笑声]
别笑，这是一件很严重的事情...
三分之一得了这种病的人都死了...
...我想知道，总统是否被告知了此事？
我还没有...你是怎么...
[laughter] [笑声]
你清楚此事吗？
你还没有告诉总统吗？
听到这个，我就放心了，拉里！
你知道清楚吗？
不，我没有
你没有回答我的问题。
你是怎么知道的？
是否总统...换句话说，是否白宫 认为这是个大笑话？
不，我真的对这件事不清楚，莱斯特。
总统本人...或者白宫的任何人 知道传染病的事情？拉里。
我不认为...我想不会有任何...
没人知道吗？
这里，没人有过这种事的经历，莱斯特。
There was a lot of willful blindness 有很多人故意无视
to... to what was happening all around them. ...他们周围发生的一切。
[Ron Jr.] I don't mean to be making excuses for him [小罗恩] 我不是想为他找借口，
because it's not defensible,but when he took office, 因为这是不容辩解的，但当他上任时，
there was no such thing as AIDS. 还没有艾滋病这回事。
It existed, obviously,but nobody knew what it was. 它确实存在，但没人知道它是什么。
There was this mysterious illness that seemed 有一种神秘的疾病，似乎主要影响
to be affecting mostly gay men and IV drug users. 同性恋男性和静脉吸毒者。
Not big Republican,you know, constituents. 不是共和党的选民主体。
They had gay friends,but he probably 他们有同性恋朋友，但他可能会
would have put them in a different category. 把他们归入另一类。
You know,not our kind of gay people. 你要知道，不是我们这种同志。
[Kelley] It is hypocritical because with Nancy, [凯莉] 这很虚伪，因为对于南茜来说，
everybody around her 她身边的每个人
that helped her, 都帮助过她，
and made her look good and feel good was gay. 让她看起来很好的，感觉很投缘的朋友，都是同性恋。
But because the politics of the time, 但由于当时的政治形势，
she kept that fa莽ade. 她保持了这种假象。
[Shearer] When he came to Yale University in 1967, [希勒]当他在1967年来到耶鲁大学，
end of the first year as governor, 这年底，他的州长任期也结束了，
I asked Reagan whether he thought homosexuals 我问里根，他是否认为同性恋者
had the right to serve in government. 有权利在政府任职。 （德雷克.希勒，耶鲁大学68届学生，前驻芬兰大使）
Well, I think we're getting into an area now 好吧，我认为我们现在进入了
where we can debate, uh,what is an illness 一个可以讨论的领域，嗯，什么是疾病，
or whether it is an illness or not. 或者它是不是一种疾病。
I happen to subscribe to the belief 我刚好赞同这一观点，
that it is a tragic illness. 这是一种悲惨的疾病。
[Shearer] And then he kind of thought and he said, [希勒] 然后他想了想，他说，
"And it should be illegal." “这应该是非法的。”
[man] I would like to ask you if you also think [男声] 我想问你，你是否也认为
that certain other tragic illnesses 某些其他悲剧性疾病，
like tuberculosis,cancer, mental illness, 如结核病、癌症、精神疾病
and heart disease should also be considered illegal? 和心脏病也应该被视为非法?
We recognize this as a form of illness and neurosis. 我们认为，这是一种疾病和神经官能症。
As a result of that illness, 这种疾病的结果是，
they are not content to simply suffer 他们不满足于自己患病，
the illness themselves but they seek to get others 而是试图让其他人也
who'll catch the ailment. 感染这种疾病。
And from that standpoint, yes,I believe that we have right 从这个角度来看，是的，我认为我们有权
to a protection with regard to the practice 对这种疾病后的行为
that follows such an illness. 加以防护。
People knew very little about homosexuality. 人们对同性恋知之甚少。
In the summer of 1981 1981年夏天，
when the first cases were identified, 当第一批病例被发现时，
we were seen as an inherent danger. 我们被视为一种固有的危险。
This was the transition from homosexuality 这是一个转变，从同性恋 （希恩.斯特鲁布，艾滋病毒感染及艾滋病患者权益活动家）
being on a list of biblical vices 被列在《圣经》的罪恶清单上 （希恩.斯特鲁布，艾滋病毒感染及艾滋病患者权益活动家）
to being a person you need to be afraid of, 到成为一个你需要害怕的人，
a person who is an inherent threat to society, 一个对社会和家庭构成固有
to your family. 威胁的人。
It felt like there was a bull's eye on our back. 感觉就像我们背上有个靶子。
It really felt like we were targeted. 感觉我们真的被盯上了。
[man] What is your response to those who say [男声] 有人说只有一小部分不受欢迎的人
that only a small, unsavory group of people is affected by it? 会受到影响，你对此有何回应?
To say that only a small unsavory group of people 要说只有一小部分令人讨厌的人 （安东尼.福奇博士，国家健康研究所）
are affected with it is really... 受到影响，这真的是…
is outlandish because we know that the virus 是奇怪的，因为我们知道，这种病毒
can and is infecting a variety of people in the population. 可以并且正在感染，人群中的各种人。
And to say because someone has a particular lifestyle 说因为某些人的特殊生活方式
that they're unsavory,I think is objectionable. 令人讨厌，我认为，这才是令人讨厌的。
It just seemed that Reagan 里根似乎只是
was being fed or accepting 被灌输或接受了
that this was a bad thing 这是一件坏事， （安东尼.福奇医学博士，国家过敏反应及传染性疾病研究院院长）
because of the people involved and not because of the virus. 因为涉及的是人，而不是因为病毒。
I was very frustrated. 我对此非常沮丧。
We're seeing an emerging catastrophe, 我们正在目睹一场即将发生的灾难，
and he wanted nothing to do with it. 而里根却不想参与其中。
[Alter] It was a political calculation [阿尔特] 这是一个政治算计，
that his evangelical base did not want him to deviate 他的福音派教会基地不希望他偏离
from their premise which is that 他们的假设，那就是
AIDS was God's revenge. 艾滋病是上帝的复仇。
You ever get the feeling sometimes 你有没有这样一种感觉，
that if we let this be another Sodom and Gomorrah, 如果我们让这成为另一个“所多玛”和“蛾摩拉”， （詹姆斯.巴克尔牧师，电视福音节目“赞美上帝俱乐部”的主持人）
that maybe we might be the generation 也许我们这一代人
that sees Armageddon? - Yes. 会看到世界末日? —是的。
Reagan believed that he was President 里根认为他是总统，
because he was called to be President. 因为他被主召唤成为“总统”的。 （詹姆斯.罗斯布什，南茜.里根的幕僚长）
He saw himself as placed at that time in history 他认为自己处于那个时代的历史地位，
to move the world away from Armageddon. 可以让世界远离世界末日。
[indistinct chatter] [含混的谈话声]
[Adelman] This notion of Armageddon scared the dickens out of him. [阿德尔曼] 这种世界末日的想法，吓得他魂飞魄散。
So whenever the president talked about Armageddon, 所以每当总统谈到世界末日时， （肯.阿德尔曼，里根首席军控谈判代表）
basically we would just slough it off 基本上我们就会回避它， （肯.阿德尔曼，里根首席军控谈判代表）
or, you know, not answer it. 或者，你懂的，干脆不回答它。
What do you do about Armageddon? 你怎么看待“世界末日”？
[projector whirring] [放映机转动声]
[Alter] From Goldwater in 1964 [阿尔特] 从1964年的戈德华特
through the 1980 campaign,he was a hawk's hawk. 到1980年的竞选，他一直是鹰派中的鹰派。
1983年美国广播公司拍摄的《后天》
[explosion ] [爆炸声]
[Alter] But then a movie changed his mind. [阿尔特] 但后来一部电影改变了他的想法。
[Adelman] It was Reagan's viewing [阿德尔曼] 这是里根对《后天》
of The Day After...Made him anti-nuclear. 的看法…这让他反对核武器。
He had an image of that in his mind... 他的脑海里有这样一个画面…
That's what the world's gonna look like if we fail. 如果我们失败了，世界就会变成这样。
That was a massive shift in his political position. 这让他政治立场，发生了巨大的转变。
[Ronald] My fellow Americans, [罗纳德] 我的美国同胞们，
let me share with you a vision of the future which offers hope. 让我与你们分享一个对未来的憧憬，它带来了希望。
It is that we embark on a program to counter 而是我们开始了一项计划，
the awesome Soviet missile threat 以防御性措施，
with measures that are defensive. 对抗可怕的苏联导弹威胁。
- Well, what is it? - The inertia projector. -那是什么? -惯性发射器。 （1940年华纳兄弟影业拍摄的《空中谋杀案》）
It's a device for throwing electrical waves 这是一种发射电波的装置 （罗纳德.里根在该片担任男主角。）
capable of paralyzing alternate 能够瘫痪在电流源处产生的
and direct currents at their source. 交流电和直流电。
All right, Hayden. 太好了，海登。
Focus that inertia projector on 'em and let 'em have it. 把惯性投发射器对准他们，让他们享受它吧。
[engine droning] [引擎嗡嗡作响]
[man] By any name, Star Wars or SDI, [男声] 不管叫什么名字，星球大战或战略防御计划，
it is an anti-missile system which already carries 它就是一个反导系统，已经有了
a $26 billion development price tag. 260亿美元的研发预算。
It is not proven,may not be feasible, 它还没有被证明，可能不可行，
and Congress has yet to agree to pay for it. 国会还没有同意为它拨款。
[man] Mr. President, would this not create, [男声] 总统先生，这不会导致
instead of an offensive arms race, a defensive arms race? 一场防御性军备竞赛，而不是进攻性军备竞赛吗?
Well, would that be all bad? Uh... 那样，怎么都不是好事，对吧？ 呃...
If you've got everybody building defense, 如果你让每个人都建立防御，
uh, then nobody's gonna start a war. 呃，那么就没有人会发动战争了。
And, uh, that's maybe part of the idea. 也许，呃，这就是我的想法之一。
[Scheer] It was based on a movie that he was in [希尔] 这计划是根据他参与的一部电影，
with a laser beamed apparatus. 和一个激光束装置改编的。
It never was gonna happen. 它从来没有发生过。
It's a cockamamie idea 这是个可笑的想法， （罗伯特.希尔，记者）
that was a fantasy from beginning. 从一开始就是个幻想。 （罗伯特.希尔，记者）
[rings] [铃声]
dramatic music plays [剧情音乐声]
[cheers and applause] [欢呼声和掌声]
[McFarlane] Ronald Reagan carried a belief [麦克法兰] 罗纳德·里根坚信，
that the other side ought to know 对方应该知道，
that they're not dealing with a patsy here. 他们面对的不是一个懦弱的人。 （罗伯特.麦克法兰，前国家安全事务顾问）
He was conveying a moral judgment about 他传送了这样一个信息，苏联方面
what he thought about the Soviet Union. 也应做出一个道德上的判断。
He really felt that this was an evil empire. 他真的觉得这是一个邪恶的帝国。
1984年二月14日，尤里.安德罗波夫葬礼
[woman] Soviet television had the announcement [女声] 苏联电视台今天上午宣布，
this morning that President Andropov 安德罗波夫主席在长期患病后，
had died after a long illness. 在今早离世。
Today we've learned of the death of the head of state, 今天我们得知国家元首， （1985年三月13日，康斯坦丁.契尔年科的葬礼）
Konstantin Chernenko, 康斯坦丁·契尔年科去世，
and I've sent my condolences... 我对此向苏联人民和领导层
to the Soviet leadership and people 表示深切哀悼…
[Shearer] For the first five years, [希勒] 在最初的五年里，
Reagan didn't directly deal with the Communists. 里根没有直接与共产党打过交道。
Reagan's interaction with the Russians changed 里根与俄国人的关系变了，
because the Russians changed. 因为俄国人变了。
Gorbachev was a younger,more modern guy. 戈尔巴乔夫是个更年轻，更现代的家伙。
And so Gorbachev reached out, 于是戈尔巴乔夫伸出了手，
and Reagan did respond. 里根也做出了回应。
[Spencer] He was willing to deal, [希勒] 他愿意做交易，
make the deals that had to be made 做那些必须做的交易，
as long as our country wasn't hurt. 只要我们的国家不受伤害。
And he lucked out. 他很幸运。
Gorbachev came along, who had the same frame of mind. 戈尔巴乔夫上台了，他也有同样的想法。
[woman] In Warsaw today,Soviet leader Gorbachev, [女声] 今天在华沙，苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫表示，
said he sent a personal letter to President Reagan, 他给里根总统寄了一封私人信件，
a letter which could lead to a summit. 这封信可能会促成一次峰会。
It's, uh, different than things 这和我们在前苏联领导人
that we've heard in the past leaders in the Soviet Union. 那里听到的不同。
- [man] How is that? - [man] Thank you. -[男声] 那该如何？ -[男声] 感谢你。
That's enough. 这就够了。
Well, it's just about the first time that anyone 那么，这几乎是第一次有人提议，
has ever proposed to actually eliminating nuclear weapons. 确实地消除核武器。
To Reagan's credit,with the help of his wife, 里根值得赞扬的是，在他妻子的帮助下，
when Gorbachev came on the scene, 当戈尔巴乔夫上台时，
he realized that he could change course, 里根意识到，他可以改变路线，
shed that old image of the Cold War era, 摆脱冷战时代的旧形象，
and take advantage of this historic opportunity. 并利用这个历史性的机会。
[Joan Quigley] I talked to Nancy for two or three hours, [琼.奎格莉] 我和南希聊了两三个小时，
convincing her that Gorbachev was a kind of man 让她相信戈尔巴乔夫是那种，
that was not only tough but intelligent, 不仅强硬，而且聪明，
open to new ideas,and that he had vision 乐于接受新思想，他有罗纳德·里根那样的
like Ronald Reagan did, 远见卓识，
and that these two men 这两个人之间
have a fantastic chemistry between them. 产生了奇妙的化学反应。
[Ruth Quigley] When Nancy called Joan, she said, [露丝.奎格莉] 南希给琼打电话时说，
"Gorbachev, from his chart,was an intellectual, “从他的外表来看，戈尔巴乔夫是一个知识分子，
and he was a man that loved ideas 他是一个热爱创新、
and could be influenced." 能够受到影响的人。”
Gorbachev had gotten to where he was 戈尔巴乔夫是在老人们的帮助下
through the assistance of older men. 走到今天的地位上的。
And Ronnie was 20 years older than Gorbachev, 罗尼比戈尔巴乔夫大20岁，
so there would be that sort of 所以，他潜意识里，
subconscious respect for someone older. 会有一种对年长者的尊重。
I also affected definitely the relationship 我也确实影响了，超级大国之间的关系，
between the superpowers because of my reading 因为我读了，戈尔巴乔夫的
of Gorbachev's horoscope. 星座运势。
And I... the minute I read it,I knew that I had to change 而我…我读到的那一刻，我知道，我必须改变
the evil empire attitude before he... 对邪恶帝国的态度，才能让他…
they had their first summit,and I went about that. …他们举行了第一次峰会，我就是这么想的。
[Ruth Quigley] Joan convinced Nancy that [露丝.奎格莉] 琼说服南茜，
if Ronnie kept an open-mind,using his super salesmanship 如果罗尼保持开放的心态，运用他的超级销售术
on Gorbachev, it would work. 对戈尔巴乔夫，就会奏效的。
[Kelley] In a sense, it was harmless. [凯利] 从某种意义上说，这是无害的。
On the other hand, 另一方面，
this is the man who has his hand on a nuclear button, 这是一个把手放在核按钮上的人，
and his actions 而他的行为
are being dictated by astrologers. 被占星家们支配了。
[Ronald] We have serious problems [罗纳德] 在许多问题上，
with the Soviet positions on a great many issues, 我们同苏联的立场有严重的问题，
and success is not guaranteed. 成功是不能保证的。
But if Mr. Gorbachev comes to Iceland 但如果戈尔巴乔夫先生
in a truly cooperative spirit, 以真正的合作精神，访问冰岛，
I think we can make some progress. 我认为，我们可以取得一些进展。
That's my goal. 这是我的目标。
That's my purpose in going to Iceland. 这就是我去冰岛的目的。
1986年十月11日，雷克雅未克峰会
[Adelman] After the first morning of the Reykjavik Summit, [阿德尔曼] 雷克雅未克峰会的第一个上午结束后，
we were summoned into the room within a room 我们被召集到美国大使馆的
in the U.S. Embassy. 一个房间里。
It had a kind of vault-like entrance, 它有一个类似金库的入口，
and so it was absolutely secure. 所以绝对安全。
Reagan start to tell us that Gorbachev 里根开始告诉我们，戈尔巴乔夫
really wants to do this. 真的想这么做。
And Reagan, from his memory, 里根，根据他的记忆，
gives us some numbers that are in his head. 给了我们一些他脑子里的数字。
After about five minutes 在将近5分钟的
of absolute agony of groping around, 全身上下、内外地，费劲摸索后，
he goes into his suit pocket 他从西装口袋里
and he takes out a piece of paper, he said, 掏出一张纸，他说，
"Oh, Gorbachev handed me this." “哦，戈尔巴乔夫给了我这个。”
So we all dived for the paper and we found out, 所以，我们都一头扎进了这份文件上，我们发现，
holy cow, this guy really wants to use this weekend 不会吧，这个家伙真的想利用这个周末，
to get something done in arms control. 在军备控制方面做些事情。
Gorbachev says, "Yes, we made great progress, 戈尔巴乔夫说:“是的，我们取得了很大的进步，
but you know what? It's all tied to canning SDI." 但你们知道吗? 这一切都要与封存战略防御计划挂钩。”
[Shultz] President Reagan rejected that. [舒尔茨] 里根总统拒绝了这个提议。
This man has strong opinions 这个人很有主见， （乔治.舒尔茨，前国务卿）
but he understands why he has the opinion. 但他知道自己为什么会有主见。 （乔治.舒尔茨，前国务卿）
So that means he's gonna stick to something that he decides on. 这意味着他会坚持自己决定的事情。
[Adelman] Reagan told us that he had made a pledge [阿德尔曼] 里根告诉我们，他已经向美国人民承诺，
to the American people to see SDI through. 要把战略防御计划坚持到底。
None of us had ever heard the pledge. 我们都没听过这个承诺。
That was the first time... 那是我第一次……
but you know,it was a part of his imagination 但你知道，这是他的一部分想象，
that he must have done it or should have done it, 他一定要做下去，或者认为应该做下去，
and that he wasn't gonna give it up. 他不会放弃的。
[man] Do you think he missed an opportunity back then? [男声] 你觉得他当时错过了一个机会吗?
Yes. I think he did, 是的。我认为他错失了，
'cause in retrospect we know that SDI doesn't work, you know? 因为回想起来，我们知道，所谓“战略防御计划”是不起作用的，你知道吗?
So he wouldn't have been giving up anything actually. 所以，实际上，他不会放弃任何东西。
I think, you know, we could be living in a world 我认为，你知道，我们现在可能生活在
with many fewer nuclear weapons right now 一个核武器更少的世界中，
if he just had, you know, given in on that. 如果他当时，你要知道，在这一点上让步的话。
But he thought he was... 但他认为，他是…
he thought Gorbachev is trying to hustle him. 他认为，戈尔巴乔夫是在逼迫他。
[man] After three hours and 42 minutes [男声] 经过了3小时42分钟的
of that last meeting, disappointment. 最后一次会谈，我失望了。
Ronald Reagan,his jaw set grimly, 罗纳德·里根紧咬牙关，
and an unsmiling Mikhail Gorbachev walked out, 不苟言笑的米哈伊尔·戈尔巴乔夫走了出来，
telegraphing failure. 传递出会谈失败的信号。
[Shultz] So in the end... [舒尔茨] 所以最后...
...we are deeply disappointed... ...我们深感失望...
...at this outcome. ...这个结果。
[Ruth Quigley] In January 1986, Ronald Reagan was really moving [露丝.奎格莉] 1986年1月，罗纳德·里根进入了
into a very bad period, astrologically. 一个非常糟糕的时期，从占星术上来说。
When Nancy called Joan, 当南茜打电话给琼时，
she could see the horrible aspects gathering 她可以看到可怜的罗纳德·里根身上
for poor Ronald Reagan, 聚集着可怕的一面，
and Joan had to do what she could to minimize it. 琼必须尽她所能将其最小化。
So she didn't let him have press conferences 所以，她不让他开新闻发布会
because those could have assassinated him 因为发布会可能会是，以另一种方式，
in a different way. 暗杀他。
Ronald Reagan held fewer 罗纳德·里根每隔一个月
than one press conference every other month. 举行的新闻发布会，还不到一次。
That's not accountability. 这不是在自责。
That is hiding from the press. 这是在躲避媒体。
[Tom Brokaw] It is taking shape as one of the most [汤姆布罗考] 这是里根总统执政期间,
controversial foreign policy developments 最具争议的,眼看就要成形的，
of President Reagan's years in office. 外交政策发展之一。
The reports of a secret White House operation 有报道称白宫秘密行动
to ship Iran military supplies 向伊朗运送军事物资
in exchange for help in freeing three American hostages. 以换取他们释放三名美国人质。
[man] Mr. President, do we have a deal going [男声] 总统先生，我们和伊朗
with Iran of some...Of some sort? 有什么...某种形式的协议吗?
- [man chuckles] [camera shutter clicking] -[男子笑声] [照相机快门按动声]
No comment. 无可奉告。
[man] Mr. President, the Iranians are saying [男声] 总统先生，伊朗人说
that if you'll release some of those weapons, 如果你解除一些武器禁运，
they'll intercede to free the rest of the hostages. 他们就会调停解救剩下的人质。
Will you? 你愿意吗？
Good evening. President Reagan is about to hold 晚上好。里根总统将举行
his first formal news conference since August. 自8月以来的，首次正式新闻发布会。
Mr. Reagan holds these sessions so infrequently 里根很少举行这样的会议，
that when he does, just the fact 以至于当他这样做时，他与记者会面
he's meeting with reporters becomes news. 的事实本身就成了新闻。
But with all the controversy 但在所有关于
swirling about secret arms deals, 秘密武器交易的争议中，
this one promises more newsworthy than usual. 这一次，有望比以往，更有新闻价值。
I have a few words here before I take your questions. 在回答你们的问题之前，我有几句话要说。
Just some brief remarks. 简单说几句。
18 months ago, as I said last Thursday, 18个月前，正如我上周四所说，
this administration began a secret initiative 本届政府开始了一项，针对
to the Islamic Republic of Iran. 伊朗伊斯兰共和国的秘密行动。
However, to eliminate the widespread 然而，为了消除普遍
but mistaken perception 但错误的看法，
that we have been exchanging arms for hostages, 即我们一直在用武器交换人质，
I have directed that no further sales of arms 我已指示不再向伊朗出售
of any kind be sent to Iran. I further... 任何种类的武器。我进一步…
[Rollins] It all started with the hostages. [罗林斯] 一切都是从人质开始的。
And the first rule is you never let the president 第一条规则就是，永远不要让总统
be talked to by the families of the hostages. 和人质家属通话。
Don Regan got tired of listening to the sister 唐.里甘听腻了其中一名
of one of the hostages. 人质妹妹的话。
And finally one day, he just put him through to Reagan. 终于有一天，他把电话转给了里根。
It became not about the big picture. 这变成了不关乎大局。
It became the picture of what would take to get them home. 这变成显示让他们回家的样子。
And now I'll take your questions. Helen? 现在我回答你们的问题。海伦?
Mr. President,in the recent past, 总统先生，在不久前，
there was an administration whose byword was 有一届政府的格言是
"Watch what we do,not what we say." “关注我们做什么，而不是我们说什么”。
How would you assess the credibility... 你将如何评估其可信度……
[McFarlane] The President had empathy for the hostages [麦克法兰] 总统对人质的同情
to a fault. 是错误的。
I briefed the President along with the risks. 我向总统简要介绍了风险。
And before long, 不久之后，
to show evidence of our good faith, 为了证明我们的诚意，
was the transfer of weapons. 我们转让了武器。
Mr. President, you have stated flatly, 总统先生，你已经明确表示过，
and you've stated flatly again tonight 而且今晚你再次明确表示了
that you did not trade weapons for hostages, 你没有用武器交换人质，
and yet the record shows 但记录显示，
that every time an American hostage was released, 每次美国人质被释放，
there had been a major shipment of arms just before that. 之前都会有大量武器，被装船运走。
Are we all to believe that was just a coincidence? 我们都要相信，这只是巧合吗?
Chris, the only thing I know about major shipments of arms... 克里斯，我所知道的关于大规模武器运输的事…
[Ron Jr.] I came back to the White House, [小罗恩] 我回到白宫，
and I was very blunt with him. 对他直言不讳。
"What are you talking about? “你在说什么?
You need to admit what has on here." 你需要承认，这里有什么。”
But he had convinced himself 但他说服自己，
this wasn't really an arms for hostage deal. 这并不是真正的武器人质交易。
That he was simply making an overture 他只是在向更温和的
to more moderate Iranians, 伊朗人示好，
and that a side benefit of that 这样做的一个附带好处
would be the freeing of the hostages. 是人质得到释放。
But you wanted to say to him, 但你想对他说:
"You're not saying things that jive with reality here." “你说的话与现实不符。”
Sir, if I may, the polls show 先生，恕我直言，民意调查显示
that your credibility has been severely damaged. 您的信誉已经严重受损。
Can you repair it? 你能把它修理好吗？
What does it mean for the rest of your presidency? 这对你接下来的总统任期，意味着什么?
Well, I imagine I'm the only one around 我想我是这里唯一一个
who wants to repair it,and I didn't do... 想修它的人，但我真的没有…
have anything to do with this...Damaging it. 和这件事有任何关系…它破坏我的信誉度。
[Tumulty] After Reagan comes out in this press conference, [图穆尔蒂] 里根在这次新闻发布会上露面后，
the poll numbers plummet. 民调数字直线下降。
It's a real key turning point. 这是一个真正的关键转折点。
For the first time ever, 美国人民有史以来
the American people do not believe 第一次不相信罗纳德·里根
that Ronald Reagan is being straight with them. 对他们说了实话。
Dramatic music plays [剧情音乐声]
Republicans and Democrats alike are calling it a crisis, 共和党人和民主党人都称这是一场危机，
some call it a scandal, others a tragedy. 一些人称之为丑闻，另一些人称之为悲剧。
Today's startling revelation 今天令人震惊的消息是，
that up to $30 million dollars 与伊朗的秘密武器交易中
from the secret arms deal with Iran 有多达3000万美元落入了
ended up in the hands of anti-government forces 尼加拉瓜反政府武装，
in Nicaragua, the Contras. 即尼加拉瓜反抗军手中。
[McFarlane] Covert activities are difficult enough to maintain [麦克法兰] 秘密行动很难维持
the operational security of one of them, 其中一个的安全运行，
and you certainly don't want to mix 你肯定不想
two separate covert operations together. 把两个单独的秘密行动，混在一起。
[James] [laughs] They broke the law, okay? [詹姆斯的笑声] 他们违反了法律，好吗?
They violated the Boland Amendment. 他们违反了《博兰修正案》。 （美国国会通过的一系列法案，阻止里根政府入侵尼加拉瓜）
I know this is very self-serving, 我知道，这有点自夸，
I don't think it would have happened if I were there. 我想如果我在那里，事情就不会发生了。
There is a growing public perception 越来越多的公众认为，
that something is very wrong in the White House 白宫在外交政策方面
when it comes to foreign policy. 出了问题。
A president who says he knew nothing 这位总统说，他对运往伊朗的
of the first arm shipments to Iran 第一批武器，一无所知，
until after the fact, and perhaps most important, 直到事实产生后，而最重要的是，
serious questions about who is running 他这样做，可能就提出了一个严肃的问题，
the foreign policy of the United States. 是谁在执行美国的外交政策。
We are told that three military men 我们听说有三个军人
used to carrying out orders from their superiors 曾经执行了上级的命令，
failed to tell the commander-in-chief 但却不告诉武装部队总司令，
what they were up to. 他们意欲何为。
NSC Advisor Admiral John Poindexter, 国家安全委员会顾问海军上将约翰·波因德克斯特、
Lieutenant Colonel Oliver North, 中校奥利弗·诺斯
and former National Security Advisor 和前国家安全顾问
Colonel Robert McFarlane. 罗伯特·麦克法兰上校。
I don't intend this to be somehow in justification, 我不想以此为借口， （罗伯特.麦克法兰，前国家安全事务顾问）
but I knew that if I had stayed around, 但我知道，如果我留下来，
if I had intervened emphatically, 如果我坚决介入，
I could have prevented this, I think. 我想，我可以阻止这一切发生。
[man] So far, Colonel North's testimony [男声] 到目前为止，诺斯上校的证词
means trouble for the White House in two ways... 给白宫带来了两方面的麻烦…
His image as a one-man band overachiever 他那单枪匹马地，取得卓越成就的形象，
was useful for the White House 对白宫很有用，
because it meant he wasn't part of the organization. 因为这意味着，他不是这个组织的一部分。
Today, he dispelled the image 今天，他消除了一个
of an out-of-control lieutenant colonel, 失控的中校的形象，
and he said he assumed the president knew a lot 他说，他当时以为，总统知道的很多正在及将要
about what was going on. 发生的事情。
That doesn't help Mr. Reagan. 这下，可就帮不了里根了。
He was being put in this terrible position 他被置于这种可怕的境地，
and had put himself in this... in this, uh, 把自己置于这种境地……在这种，
in this terrible position, 在这种可怕的情况下，
that Poindexter and company had been going behind his back. 波因德克斯特和他的同伙一直在背着他。
[Tumulty] Nancy Reagan begins to realize [图穆尔蒂] 南茜·里根开始意识到
that impeachment is a real possibility here. 他被弹劾的可能性。
She is singlehandedly organizing the rescue effort. 她正在以一己之力，组织救援工作。
She decides that Don Regan has got to go. 她决定唐·里甘必须离开白宫。
[Rollins] And she made it happen. [罗林斯] 她做到了。
She took him out at the knees. 她打败了他。
Chris, what's the latest on the strain 克里斯，里根夫人和白宫幕僚长
reported between Mrs. Reagan 唐纳德·里甘之间的
and White House Chief of Staff Donald Regan? 紧张关系，有什么最新进展吗?
Well, Tom, a source very close to Mrs. Reagan 汤姆，一位与里根夫人非常亲近的
told me today that she purposely... 消息人士今天告诉我，她故意…
Mrs. Reagan purposely leaked the story 里根夫人故意泄露了
that she's no longer talking to Donald Regan, 她不再与唐纳德·里甘说话的消息，
to try to force Donald Regan out of the White House. 试图迫使唐纳德·里甘离开白宫。
总统先生，里根夫人在政府运作方面，起到什么作用了？
I think this is one 我想这是一个
that has been bandied about in the press. 在新闻界上流传的故事。
That is fiction, 那是虚构的，
and I think it is despicable fiction. 我认为那是卑鄙的虚构。
And a lot of people ought to be ashamed of themselves. 很多人应该为自己的行为，感到羞耻。
But the idea that she's involved 但是她参与了
in governmental decisions and so forth 政府的决策，等等，
in all of this and... 所有这些…
being kind of a dragon lady, 作为一个厉害的夫人，
there is nothing to that and no one who knows her well... 这没什么，也没有人很了解她…
[Thomas] Well, you know who said it. [托马斯] 你知道是谁说的。
...would ever believe it. ...但我决不相信。
[Thomas] You know who said "Dragon lady"? [托马斯] 你知道是谁，说的“厉害的夫人”吗？
Your Chief of Staff. 你的幕僚长。
[Regan] No, no, Helen, I didn't say that. [里甘] 不，不，海伦，我可没说过。
[laughter] [哈哈一笑]
[Stahl] I came to believe that in the second term, [斯塔尔] 我开始相信，在第二个任期内，
Nancy Reagan was taking the reins behind the scenes, 南茜·里根正在幕后掌控局面，
and directing more and more policy. 指导越来越多的政策。
And I also saw 我还看到
the president would dip in and out of attention. 总统会在人们的注意范围内，欲言又止。
I met with the president 我见了总统，
and he's just standing there, 他就站在那里，
not paying any attention at all. 对一切都漫不经心。
And he could hardly talk. 他几乎不能交谈。
And I thought, "What's going on with the president?" 我想，“总统是怎么回事?”
And the press secretary, to jolt him out of this, 新闻秘书为了让他振作起来，
screamed very loudly, "Her husband is a screenwriter." 大声尖叫道:“她丈夫才是编剧。”
And honestly, he popped... I'm not kidding, 不夸张地说，他一下就来神儿了…我没在说玩笑，
his neck tightened, the age spots disappeared. 他脖子绷紧，老年斑也消失了。
He popped up and wanted to talk about movies and there he was. 他突然振作了，想谈谈他以前演的那几部电影。
I never could diagnose it. 我从来没能辨析出来。
So I never said anything. 所以，我什么也没说。
[Ron Jr.] As his son, I just thought, [小罗恩] 作为他的儿子，我只是觉得，
hmm, something just a little bit off here. 这里有点不对劲。
I don't know what it is. 我不知道是什么。
It could just be that he's getting older. 可能只是他变老了。
He's now in his 70s, and you tend to slow down a bit. 他现在已经70多岁了，要是你，也得放慢脚步。
But there's something just a little odd here. 但这里有一点不祥之感。
[Tumulty] All these people who dismissed Nancy Reagan [图穆尔蒂] 所有这些人都认为南茜·里根
as an empty-headed fashionista socialite, 是一个头脑空洞的时尚名媛，
suddenly see her exercising a lot of power 他们突然看到，在她丈夫似乎
at a time when her husband 无法立足的时候，
seems incapable of getting his own footing. 她却在行使着巨大的权力。
[Spencer] Got a phone call from Nancy Reagan and Ken Duberstein [斯宾塞] 接到了南茜·里根和肯·杜伯斯坦的电话，
who was assistant Chief of Staff at the time. 他当时是助理幕僚长。
They said, "We like you to come back 他们说，“我们希望你能回来，
and talk to the president 和总统谈谈，
and try to help us work our way through this problem." 试着帮助我们，解决这个问题。”
[Adelman] We started questioning the president. [阿德尔曼] 我们开始质疑总统。
Every which way of Sunday, 在周日，我们用各种方法， （肯·杜伯斯坦，前白宫办公厅主任）
to figure out whether or not 都是为了弄清楚，它是否
he was telling the truth to the American people. 对美国人民说的是实话。
And what did he know and when did he know it. 还有就是，他都知道哪些，是何时知道的。
[Parvin] You got a very historic sense [帕尔温] 你有一种重温历史的感觉，
that this is how... 这就是… （兰道.帕尔温，罗纳德和南茜.里根的演讲撰稿人）
presidencies can fall. 总统可能会垮下。 （兰道.帕尔温，罗纳德和南茜.里根的演讲撰稿人）
Are you saying the president made mistakes? 你是说总统犯了错误? （1987年二月27日，陶尔委员会调查伊朗及尼加拉瓜反抗军）
Yes, the president made mistakes. 是的，总统犯了错误。 （1987年二月27日，陶尔委员会调查伊朗及尼加拉瓜反抗军）
I think that's... That's very plain English. 我认为那是…这是非常直白的英语。
The president did make mistakes. 总统确实犯了错误。
I believe that, uh, the president was 我认为，向总统提的建议
poorly advised and poorly served. 和总统的履职都很糟糕。 （约翰.陶尔，委员会主席，德州共和党参议员）
[Alter] Nancy tries to do anything she can [阿尔特] 南茜想尽一切办法
to try to straighten this out. 来解决这个问题。
The new objective is to change the narrative. 新的目标是，改变叙事方式。
[man] Mr. President, what do you think have to do [男声] 总统先生，你认为该怎么做
to restore your credibility? 才能恢复你的信誉度?
Ask me that question after the speech tonight. 今晚演讲结束后，再问我这个问题。
[Thomas] So you're not going to apologize tonight [托马斯] 所以你今晚不打算
to the American people? 向美国人民道歉吗?
Tune in. 你注意收听。
[Nancy] You'll be great. [南茜] 你会很棒的。
I'm gonna break a leg. 我会摔断腿的。
No, what... No. Good luck. 没那回事...不会的。祝你好运。
[laughs] [笑声]
[Parvin] The big question was whether the president [帕尔温] 最大的问题是，总统是否
would admit he traded arms for hostages. 会承认他用武器换人质。
The problem was that he didn't, in his heart, 问题是，在他的内心深处，
believe that he did. 他并不相信，他做错了什么。
So I went around and around, how do I bridge that gap 所以我一直在想，我怎样才能跨过，他自己也能接受的
that he would accept? 这道鸿沟?
And so what I finally came up with was... 所以,我最终后想到的是…
A few months ago, I told the American people 几个月前，我告诉美国人民，
I did not trade arms for hostages. 我没有用武器换人质。
My heart and my best intention still tell me that's true. 我的良心和我最好的意愿，仍然告诉我，这是真的。
But the facts and the evidence tell me it is not. 但事实和证据告诉我，不是这样的。
As the Tower board reported, 正如陶尔委员会报告的那样，
what began as a strategic opening to Iran 起初，对伊朗的开放策略，
deteriorated in its implementation... 在执行过程中被恶化了…
[Alter] That line is just... vintage Reagan. [阿尔特] 这句台词，简直就是...里根的招牌。
His heart is telling him one thing 难道真是，他的良心告诉他一件事，
and the facts are telling him another? 而事实告诉的是另一码事吗？
Really? I mean, only Reagan could get away with saying that. 真的吗？我的意思是，里根只有这么说才行。
And that just tells you 而这只是告诉了人们，
how deep he was into fantasyland. 他对幻想世界，陷入了有多深。
[Ron Jr.] He was depressed. [小罗恩] 他很受压抑。
He knew that the public wasn't on his side. 他知道公，众并不站在他这一边。
He knew there's something 他知道有一件
almost unfathomable to him was happening. 对他来说，几乎不可思议的事情，正在发生。
You deserve the truth... 人民应该得到真相...
[Spencer] The speech he finally gave [斯宾塞] 他最后的演讲，
was, um, not a mea culpa at all. 完全不是在认错。
Uh, it was in my mind, it was continually in denial 这件事在我印象中嘛，他一直在否认，
knowing anything about it. 他知道这件事。
And... but the truth is who knows? 而...但事实又谁能知道呢？
Contemplative music plays [令人冥想的音乐响起]
[dog yapping] [犬吠声]
[Tumulty] The next day, The New York Times writes [图穆尔蒂] 第二天，《纽约时报》写道，
it's the biggest presidential mea culpa 这是自约翰·F·肯尼迪
since John F. Kennedy and the Bay of Pigs. 和猪湾事件以来，总统最大的认错。
But whatever the reality, 但无论现实是什么，
it does the trick. 反正它都管用了。
Ronald Reagan's poll numbers go up overnight 罗纳德·里根的民调数字一夜之间上升了，
because the American people really feel for the first time 因为美国人民第一次真正感觉到，
that he's being honest with them about this. 他在这件事上，对人民还算是诚实的。
[helicopter blades whirring] [直升机桨叶嗡嗡作响]
[Stahl] I remember thinking that Iran-Contra [斯塔尔]我记得，我当时想“伊朗门事件”
was gonna destroy him completely. 会彻底摧毁他。
Nope. He bounced back. 没有。他满血复活了。
But Don Reagan, 但唐·里甘
after Nancy got rid of him, 在南希除掉他之后，
wanted to embarrass her 却想让她难堪，
and hurt her image. 损害她的形象。
So, he got back at her. 所以，他报复了她。
Donald Regan, former Treasury Secretary 前财政部长、白宫幕僚长
and White House Chief of Staff, 唐纳德·里甘，
out this morning with a new controversial book 今天上午出版了一本关于里根政府的
about the Reagan administration. 备受争议的新书。
The book portrays President Reagan as a hesitant 在这本书中，里根总统被描绘成一个犹豫不决、
and unassertive chief executive 不太自信的“首席执政官”，
controlled to a large extent by a scheming image-conscious 在很大程度上，被一个精明的、注重形象的第一夫人所控制，
first lady who depended heavily 而这个第一夫人又严重依赖
on the predictions of an astrologer. 占星家的各种预测。
[Stahl] This was Don Reagan's sweet revenge. [斯塔尔] 这是唐·里甘的甜蜜复仇。
You call it, "for the record. 你可以管它叫做《记录》。
Why didn't you call it "Don't Get Mad, Get Even"? 你为什么不叫它“别生气，公平对待我”？
Because that's what appears to be to a lot of people. 因为在很多人看来，是这样的。
It is not a story about Mrs. Reagan or anyone else. 这不是一个关于里根夫人或其他人的故事。
If it's embarrassing to them, 如果，这让他们感到尴尬，
it's only because it's true history. 那是因为，这是真实的历史。
[Ruth Quigley] Nancy was very upset about it. [露丝.奎格莉] 南茜对此很不高兴。
And on Nancy's last conversation with Joan, she said, 南茜最后一次和琼谈话时，她说:
"Joan, you can't say anything. “琼，你什么都不能说。
Lie if you have to. Just lie." 如果有必要就撒谎。就编瞎话。”
And Joan said that was the last word 琼说，这是她和南茜的
she and Nancy ever exchanged was 从未有过的，也是最后一次的交心，
Nancy saying to her, "Lie if you have to. Just lie." 南茜对她说:“如果有必要，就撒谎。就编瞎话。”
I am a serious political astrologer, 我是一个严肃的政治占星家，
and I object to the whole circus atmosphere 我反对围绕这件事情的，
surrounding this situation. 好似马戏团杂耍的气氛。
And she put up shield over him... 她用盾牌罩住他…
What we used to call the mantle of heaven. 我们以前称它为“天堂的斗篷”。
Nancy Reagan was gonna make sure they were protected, 南茜·里根会确保，它们受到保护，
that his image was protected no matter what. 无论如何，他的形象都会受到保护。
Suspenseful music plays [悬疑的音乐响起]
[indistinct chatter] [喧闹声]
[crowd chanting] ...own fault, just fire it up. [群众的喊声]...谁犯的错，谁下台。
Won't take his own fault, just fire it up. 不要推卸责任，只要你下台。
Fight back, fight AIDS! Fight back, fight AIDS! 反击，与艾滋病战斗！反击，与艾滋病战斗！
AIDS is spreading so fast in America 艾滋病在美国的传播速度如此之快，
that within five years, 五年内
it will have killed 179,000 people. 将有17.9万人死于艾滋病。
That is just one of many alarming numbers to emerge 这只是联邦政府，今天对这种疾病的预测中，
from a federal government forecast on the disease today. 出现的许多令人担忧的数字之一。
By 1987, uh, the epidemic is raging out of control. 到了1987年，疫情已经失控了。
[crowd] We've got to fight AIDS. [人群] 我们必须与艾滋病作斗争。
[Sean] The advocacy in the streets [西恩] 街头的抗议活动
had reached a whole new level. 达到了一个全新的水平。
There is rampant discrimination based on AIDS 对艾滋病的歧视非常猖獗，
and that this is hampering the public health control efforts. 这阻碍了公共卫生的控制工作。
[Fauci] The more the activists pushed, [福奇] 活动人士推动得越多，
the more the administration drew back. 政府就退缩得越多。
And it was sort of a self-defeating 我们看到的是一种，
phenomenon that we were seeing. - [crowd shouting] 自我挫败的现象。 -[人群的喊声]
[Kramer] People die every day. Friends get sick every day. [克雷默] 每天都有人死去。朋友们每天都会生病。
I don't... it's like being in the trenches. 我不想…就像在战壕里一样。 （拉里.克莱默，美国艾滋病联合力量协会的联合创始人）
There is such anger in the community, 社区里有这样的愤怒，
and it is coalescing in a way that has never been done before. 它正在以一种前所未有的方式聚集起来。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼和掌声]
dramatic music plays [剧情音乐声]
[Taylor] The issue that was becoming steadily worse, [伊丽莎白.泰勒] 这个问题正在逐步恶化，
and it was still in the closet. 它仍然在隐藏之中。
People would not talk about it. 人们不会谈论它。
[woman] The very public death 她的密友洛克·哈德森 （1925-1985，好莱坞男演员，同性恋）
of her close friend, Rock Hudson, 死亡的公布，
first brought the disease out of the shadows 首次将这种疾病，从阴影中带到了
and into the American spotlight. 美国的聚光灯下。
It brought attention to the Reagans 这引起了里根夫妇的关注，
in kind of a personal way because the friendship 因为它带有着他们俩口子，在好莱坞
and they had this long history together in Hollywood. 多年的私人友谊的因素
This was so clearly invading their life as well. 这件事明显地，也侵入了他们的生活。
[Ron Jr.] First Lady isn't as isolated as the president is. [小罗恩] 第一夫人不像总统那样，是孤家寡人。
So she was talking to her friends 所以她跟她的朋友们说起了，
and talking to me, and she got it before he did. 也和我说了这件事，我母亲比我父亲知道的要早。
[man] With conservatives saying the president should not support 保守派称，总统不应该支持
what amounts to gay rights legislation, 为“同性恋权利”立法，
well, the First Lady is known 众所周知，第一夫人
to have strong views about protecting AIDS victims. 对保护艾滋病患者，有强烈的看法。
The White House was basically dragged 白宫基本上是被迫
into addressing the AIDS issue in a speech. 在一次演讲中，谈到艾滋病问题的。
At Elizabeth Taylor's urging, Mrs. Reagan 在伊丽莎白·泰勒的敦促下，里根夫人
realized they were behind the curve, 意识到他们俩口子落伍了，
and she got things rolling. 于是她赶紧进入角色。
The White House speechwriting staff was... 当时，白宫的演讲稿撰写班子是...
It was hardcore conservative. 核心还是保守的。
Mrs. Reagan didn't want the AIDS speech 里根夫人不希望，艾滋病演讲稿
to fall into those hands. 出自这帮人之手。
That's why I was hired. 这就是为什么，我会被雇佣。
Things were so behind that when I talked 当我和美国卫生局长库普谈过之后，
to Sergeant General Koop, 我才知道情况有多落后，
I realized he had never even met 我得知了，该局长从未与
with the president on AIDS. 总统谈过艾滋病的话题。
I just couldn't believe it. 我简直不敢相信。
With everything that's going on in the country, how can that be? 这个国家发生了这么多事，怎么可能不谈呢?
[indistinct chatter] [喧闹声]
This was six years into the epidemic. 这是疫情爆发的第6年。
There were probably 20,000 people dead by then, 那时可能有两万人死亡，
maybe 30,000 people dead by then. 也可能是三万人。
[Parvin] Certain conservative members of the cabinet [帕尔温] 内阁中的某些保守派成员
got involved, 参与进来，
pushing against what we could and could not say. 反对我们能说什么，不能说什么。
It was just battle after battle. 接着就是一场接一场的争吵。
For example, should the president use the word "condom"? 例如，总统应该使用“避孕套”这个词吗?
1987年五月31日，全美艾滋病研究基金会举办的户外筹款集会
[woman] The setting was gala, [女声]场面是盛大的，
but the mood distinctly was not. 但气氛显然不对头。
It was Ronald Reagan's 这是罗纳德·里根
first major address on federal policy on AIDS. 第一次就艾滋病问题，作联邦政策层面的讲话。
AIDS is surreptitiously spreading 艾滋病正在我们的人口中
throughout our population, 潜在地传播，
and yet we have no accurate measure of its scope. 但我们对其范围，没有准确的衡量标准。
It's time we knew exactly what we were facing. 是时候知道，我们面对的是什么了。
[Sean] It was more important as a political opportunity for him [西恩] 对他来说，这一次政治投机，
than it was as a humanitarian crisis. 比处理人道主义危机，更为重要。
I've asked HHS to add the AIDS virus to the list 我已要求卫生与公众服务部将艾滋病病毒
of contagious diseases 列入一份传染病清单，
for which immigrants and aliens 为了让那些申请
seeking permanent residence in the United States 在美国永久居留的移民和外国人
can be denied entry. 可被拒绝入境。
[audience shouting and booing] [观众大声喝倒彩]
[Sean] Some of us were able to get tickets into the event. [西恩] 我们中的一些人，能够买到入场券。
We would boo him, and then we were getting, 我们会嘘他，然后我们就发现，
like, hushed or kind of booed back 就这样，观众们要么沉默，要么就嘘我们，
from the audience, you know, to drown us out. 他们的嘘声淹过了我们。
[Ronald] Now, let me turn to what the States can do. [罗纳德] 现在，让我来谈谈各州可以做些什么。
[applause, crowd booing] [掌声，和人群的嘘声]
[cheers and applause] [欢呼和鼓掌声]
I mean, there was so much hurt... 我只想说，有了那么多的伤害…
um, that people were feeling. 嗯，那些人都感受到了。
It was not the speech I would have given, 这不是我想要发表的演讲，
but it was the speech... 但这就是演讲…
that went as far as I could get it to go. …这比我原想做到的，离得太远了。
[Ronald] It's something that [罗纳德] 这是一位年轻的
a young man with AIDS recently said, 艾滋病患者最近说的话:
"I am going to fight the disease with every breath I have." “我要用我的每一口呼吸与疾病作斗争。”
Ladies and gentlemen, so must we. 女士们先生们，我们也必须这样做。
- Thank you. [cheers and applause] -谢谢你们。[欢呼和掌声]
[crowd booing] [人群的嘘声]
[Sean] I can tell the president was shaken. [西恩] 我能感觉到，总统都走不稳了。
I mean, you could just tell. 我是说，你能一眼就看出来。
[Fauci] I was gratified that he said AIDS, [福奇] 我很欣慰，他终于说艾滋病了。
but I had a big feeling of it's about time. 但我有种强烈的感觉，现在说，有点晚了。
It was puzzling to a number of people, 很多人都很困惑，
myself included, 包括我自己，
why Nancy Reagan did not push a bit more 为什么南茜.里根一开始就没有
to have the president and the people around him 花点儿力气，来推动总统及其身边的人们，
using the bully pulpit of the presidency 利用白宫，这个天字一号的总统讲坛，
in the beginning, warning people. 来警告人们呢。
[applause] [掌声]
[Sean] If it hadn't been for Elizabeth Taylor [西恩] 如果不是伊丽莎白·泰勒
really insisting and cleverly lobbying and setting it up 坚持并巧妙地游说，
so that Reagan would speak at that, 并为里根的演讲做准备，
he might have never given a significant address on AIDS. 他可能永远不会，发表关于艾滋病的重要演讲。
And that was nearing the end of his second term. 当时，他的第二任期即将结束。
[Sean] Had he all the way taken the steps [西恩] 如果他在20世纪80年代早期
in the early 1980s, 就采取了这些措施，
but his administration did not allow those things to be done. 但他的政府就不允许，这些疫情蔓延的事情发生。
And instead, he abdicated responsibility on AIDS. 相反，他放弃了对艾滋病的责任。
And that abdication brought pain and suffering 他的放弃，给很多人
to so many. 带来了痛苦。
And we still see the reverberations of it today. 我们今天，仍然可以看到它的影响。
What you essentially had 在里根总统任期
near the end of Reagan's presidency 接近尾声的时候，
was a man who had to be propped up by his wife, 他不得不得到他的妻子，
members of his staff, 他的幕僚，
by loyalists in his administration 以及他的政府的拥护者的支持， （杰森.约翰逊，政治学研究者）
to redefine the myth of the Reagan presidency. 来重新定义，里根总统时代的神话。
[Ron Jr.] He wrote in his diary during his presidency [小罗恩] 在他担任总统期间，他在日记中写道，
about flying over the canyons of the West Coast of California, 他飞越了加州西海岸的峡谷，
familiar canyons to him, 那些峡谷，对他来说很熟悉，
couldn't remember any of their names. 但他记不起，任何一个峡谷的名字。
That struck him enough that he put it in his diary 这给了他很大的触动，他把它写进了日记里，
with a kind of slightly alarmed, you know, tone. 略带一种惊慌的语气。你知道，这是为什么。
Contemplative music plays [令人冥思的音乐响起]
[Ron Jr.] Was something going on in his mind at the time? [小罗恩] 当时，在他的脑海里在想什么？
Well, we know that Alzheimer's takes about 10 years at least 我们知道，阿尔茨海默氏症至少需要10年的时间，
to develop to the point where you end up with dementia. 才能发展到最后，才表现出痴呆症。
So, he has the disease while he's in the White House. 所以，他在白宫的时候，就得了这种病。
That's really pretty much unquestionable. 这是毋庸置疑的。
I ran that by his neurologists, too, 我也去找了他的神经科医生，
who confirmed that that had to be the case. 他们证实了，情况确实如此。
[Johnson] It was Nancy recognizing [约翰逊] 南茜意识到，虽然
more than the press was willing to admit 她比媒体更不愿意承认，
that he was entering the early stages of Alzheimer's 但他已经进入了阿尔茨海默病的早期阶段，
became concerned with his legacy. 并开始关注他的遗产。
She wanted to transform him into the man 她想把他改造成一个
who stares down the Soviet Union and saves this country, 藐视苏联，拯救这个国家，
saves the world from nuclear conflict. 并从核冲突中，拯救世界的人。
柏林
[Alter] The Reagans understood [阿尔特] 里根夫妇了解
the theater of the American presidency, 美国总统制的这部戏，
the stagecraft that's involved, and the importance of creating 知晓其中涉及的舞台技巧，以及
an emotional connection to the audience 与观众建立情感联系，
to make that performance a winning one. 用以使自己表演成功的重要性。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼与掌声]
Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall. 戈尔巴乔夫先生，拆掉这堵墙吧。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼和掌声]
[Shultz] They're great friends. [舒尔茨] 他们是好朋友。
And there were some people in the State Department 国务院和国家情报委员会的
and also in the NIC Staff 一些人认为
who thought it was too provocative. 这太具有挑衅了。
And they tried to get it knocked out. 他们想把这句话删掉。
But the president kept it in. 但是总统把它保留了下来。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼和掌声]
It became the signature line of Reagan's eight years. 这成里了里根八年任期的，标志性的签名。
[cheers and applause] [欢呼和掌声]
[Johnson] Reagan's success was in part [约翰逊] 里根的成功在一定程度上，
because he was the ultimate pitchman, 是因为，他是一个终极的，耍手腕高手，
and this is important to understand. 理解这一点，很重要。
Ronald Reagan's ultimate sales pitch 罗纳德·里根的终极推销手腕
wasn't to the American people. 并不是针对美国人民的。
It was to journalism. 他是针对那些记者的。
He completely flipped the media industrial complex 他在他们的头脑中，完全颠覆了美国的
in America on its head. 媒体产业体系。
And by the time he left office in 1988, 到1988年他卸任时，
he was not just a hero to the Republican Party, 他不仅是共和党的英雄，
he was a hero to American media 也是美国媒体的英雄，
because he had given them the sort of televised president 因为他给了他们一个，他们一直想看到的
that they had always wanted to see. 电视屏幕上的总统。
[Stahl] They manipulated us by making sure we had pictures [斯塔尔] 他们通过在场景中有总统的画面，来操纵我们，
with the president in the scene that we absolutely had to use. 来让我们确信这些，我们也对这些画面，深信不疑。
And they fed us gorgeous pictures. 他们投放给我们的，都是令人愉快的画面。
When the pictures are stronger than what you're saying, 当画面比你说的话更有力时，
the pictures will override, and people won't even hear you. 画面就会取代你，人们甚至听不到你的说话。
[Scheer] He was particularly gifted in manipulation [希尔] 作为一名演员，他在操纵方面
by being an actor and being able to follow scripts 特别有天赋，他能够遵循剧本，
and play a folksy person. 扮演一个平易近人的人。
He was destructive to the people who trusted him 他对信任他的人，都有破坏性，
and caused a great deal of harm. 还造成了很多伤害。
Ronald Reagan was famously affable. 罗纳德·里根是出了名的和蔼可亲。 （乔治.威尔，政治专栏作家）
But I think it's important to know 但我认为，重要的是要知道，
that he was a friendly man with one friend, 他是个很友好的人，却只有一个朋友，
and he married her. 而且，他还娶了她。
[Spencer] She was playing the role of the wife, [斯宾塞] 她扮演的是妻子的角色，
but I think she wanted the world to know 但我认为，她想让世界知道，
that she was the power behind the throne. 她是王位背后的权力。
I do. 我知道了。
[Johnson] Ronald Reagan believed [约翰逊]罗纳德·里根相信
that a mythological America never existed. 那个神话中的美国，尽管她从来就没存在过。
He didn't really care about taking us back to it. 他并不介意带我们回到那里。
He thought that it still existed. 他认为，她仍然存在。
It was just covered over 她只是被民权运动
in civil rights and government regulation. 和政府监管所覆盖。
And if you move those things out of the way, 如果你把这些东西移开，
this America that never existed 他着了魔般相信的那个，
that he magically believed in was going to come back. 从未存在过的美国，就会回来。
[Ron Jr.] My father was not comfortable with [小罗恩] 我父亲对很多负面言论
a lot of negativity. 感到不舒服。
If America was a great country, 如果美国是一个伟大的国家，
then it needed to be great through and through. 那么，她就需要彻底地伟大。
So, whether it was racism, misogyny, wealth and inequality, 所以，无论是种族歧视、歧视妇女、财富和不平等，
these systemic issues, you might say, with America 你可能会说，美国的这些系统性问题，
made my father very uncomfortable. 让我父亲非常不舒服。
So he would edit it out. 那他会把它们编辑掉。
[Wiley] And it was all mythmaking. [威利] 这一切都是编造神话。
It was all brilliant acting. 这些都是精彩的表演。
Ronald Reagan remains an incredible societal myth, 罗纳德·里根仍然是一个令人难以置信的社会神话，
the myth of the perfect president. 一个完美总统的神话。
[David] You're the only movie actor I know of [大卫] 您是我所知道的，唯一一个
who ever got elected to a high office. 被选为最高职位的电影演员。
Do you learn anything as an actor 作为演员，你学到了什么，
that has been useful to you as president? 对你当总统有用的东西了吗?
[Ronald] I'm tempted to say something here. [罗纳德] 我想在这里说点什么。
- [David] Go ahead and say it. - Well, I'm gonna say it. -[大卫] 说吧，说出来。 - 那我就直说了。
- [David] Go ahead. - There have been times -[大卫] 请讲。 -在这间办公室里，
in this office when I wondered 有好几次，我都在想，
how you could do the job if you hadn't been an actor. 如果你不是演员，你怎么能胜任这份工作。
翻译：hardstick 校订：hardstick 时间轴：hardstick